Judaism
1500 BC
Overview: Judaism was the first religion to teach monotheism, ranging back to 3,000 years. That is the belief of one god. People of the Jewish faith are known as the, "chosen people of God." Judaism was established as part of the covenant between God, and Abraham, also with Moses on Mount Sinai in the form of both the written and oral Torah. It is the smallest of the world religions ranging from 13-15 million people. They never speak out loud of the lords name, is never destroyed or erased. The Jewish church has a rabbi instead of a priest, also they pray in a synagogues instead of a church, or chapel. The Jewish faith uses a Torah, which is the first five books of the bible. One thing that separates Judaism from all of the other Abrahamic religions is that it is an ethno-religion group, this means the word "Jews" is for people who are born Jewish, and also people who join the Judaism faith.
Types of Judaism: Orthodox Judaism- This type of Judaism believe that both the Written and Oral Torah were divinely revealed to Moses, and that the laws within it are unchanging, there are two types of Orthodox Judaism.
Types of Judaism: Orthodox Judaism- This type of Judaism believe that both the Written and Oral Torah were divinely revealed to Moses, and that the laws within it are unchanging, there are two types of Orthodox Judaism.
- Modern Orthodox Judaism: Members of this part of Judaism believe in strict observance of religious laws and commandments but have an outlook that emphasizes living in a non-Jewish or secular environment. The modern day Orthodox Women are slowly becoming more involved in Jewish rituals, and practices. In the other type of Orthodox Judaism, "Haredi Judaism", women are not allowed.
- Haredi Judaism: This type of Judaism is very conservative. Haredi Jew centers their lives around religious study, prayer and strict religious observance.
- Conservative Judaism- This type of Judaism was founded during the 1800s by rabbis and scholars who were not satisfied with reform or Orthodox Judaism. Conservatives are characterized by a commitment to following traditional Jewish laws and customs, while taking a positive attitude toward modern culture.
- Reform Judaism- This type of Judaism was founded in Germany in response to the Enlightenment. It's followers believe that Judaism should be modernized and compatible with modern culture. Reform Jews state that Jewish law should be interpreted as a set of general guidelines rather than hard and fast rules about what Jews can and cannot do.
- 7 dimensions of the Judaism religion: Experiential- Knowing God inwardly through Kabbalah, Termiah's call to be a prophet. Mythic- The haggadah. Doctrinal- The covenant, the Shema, Maimonides's thirteen principles of belief. Ethical- Ten commandments, and other rules of the Torah. Ritual- Daily prayers, the Sabbath meal, observances, Passover, reciting the Kaddish. Social- Cohesion of the chosen people, Hasidism's zaddik, rabbi, tight tribal community. Material- Yarmulke, mezuzah, Shofar, matzo, happah, temple/synagogue.
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Important terms:
Rosh Hashanah- "Beginning of the year" festival every full new year.
Sabbath- Sunset Friday to sunset Saturday for rest and religious celebration.
Shema- "hear", "Hearo Israel" The lord is our God.
Talmud- The depository of the Oral Torah.
Tanakh- Hebrew bible.
Torah- Revealing God's word to the people.
Yom Kippur- Most holy day. Tenth day of the new year.
bar mitzvah- Son of the commandment.
Bat mitzvah- Daughter of the commandment.
Kabbalah- Jewish mysticism. God can be best known through the heart.
Passover- 8 day festival celebrated in early spring. Jews from Egypt.
Anti-Semitism- Hostility toward Jews and Judaism.
Holocaust- Persecution of Jews by German Nazis from 1933-1945, murder of six million Jews.
Rabbi- Teacher of the Torah, leader of Jewish worship.
Synagogue- Place where Jewish prayer is worshipped.
This is a informational video on Jewish prayer: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0aHWASyMjwg
Rosh Hashanah- "Beginning of the year" festival every full new year.
Sabbath- Sunset Friday to sunset Saturday for rest and religious celebration.
Shema- "hear", "Hearo Israel" The lord is our God.
Talmud- The depository of the Oral Torah.
Tanakh- Hebrew bible.
Torah- Revealing God's word to the people.
Yom Kippur- Most holy day. Tenth day of the new year.
bar mitzvah- Son of the commandment.
Bat mitzvah- Daughter of the commandment.
Kabbalah- Jewish mysticism. God can be best known through the heart.
Passover- 8 day festival celebrated in early spring. Jews from Egypt.
Anti-Semitism- Hostility toward Jews and Judaism.
Holocaust- Persecution of Jews by German Nazis from 1933-1945, murder of six million Jews.
Rabbi- Teacher of the Torah, leader of Jewish worship.
Synagogue- Place where Jewish prayer is worshipped.
This is a informational video on Jewish prayer: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0aHWASyMjwg
Photos used under Creative Commons from onnola, access.denied, Israel_photo_gallery, Israel_photo_gallery, AK Rockefeller